Counting & Cardinality
Official Standard
"Count to 100 by ones and by tens."
Plain English Explanation
Students should be able to count out loud from 1 to 100. They should also be able to count by tens (10, 20, 30...) up to 100.
A simple, accessible guide to what students are expected to learn at each grade level. We've translated the academic language into plain English.
Official Standard
"Count to 100 by ones and by tens."
Students should be able to count out loud from 1 to 100. They should also be able to count by tens (10, 20, 30...) up to 100.
Official Standard
"Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings, sounds, acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations."
Show math using real things! Use fingers, blocks, or drawings to show what happens when you add things together or take them away.
Official Standard
"Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text, including how characters in a story or drama respond to challenges or how the speaker in a poem reflects upon a topic; summarize the text."
Read a story and figure out the "big idea" or lesson. Look at how characters handle problems to understand the message. Be able to retell the story in your own words.
Official Standard
"Know and apply the properties of integer exponents to generate equivalent numerical expressions."
Understand how powers (exponents) work. For example, know that 3² means 3 times 3, and be able to solve problems using these rules.
Official Standard
"Understand that a function from one set (called the domain) to another set (called the range) assigns to each element of the domain exactly one element of the range."
Learn that a function is like a machine: if you put one specific number in, you get exactly one specific answer out. It never gives two different answers for the same input.
Official Standard
"Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text."
When you make a claim about something you read, prove it! Point to the exact sentences in the text that support your idea, both for things directly stated and things you figured out (inferred).
Official Standard
"Count to 100 by ones and by tens."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Count forward beginning from a given number within the known"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Write numbers from 0 to 20. Represent a number of objects with a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities; connect"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Count to answer “how many?” questions about as many as 20 things"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Identify whether the number of objects in one group is greater than,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Decompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in more"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Fluently add and subtract within 5."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compose and decompose numbers from 11 to 19 into ten ones and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Describe measurable attributes of objects, such as length or weight."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Directly compare two objects with a measurable attribute in common,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Classify objects into given categories; count the numbers of objects in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Describe objects in the environment using names of shapes, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Identify shapes as two-dimensional (lying in a plane, “flat”) or three-"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Analyze and compare two- and three-dimensional shapes, in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model shapes in the world by building shapes from components (e.g.,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compose simple shapes to form larger shapes. For example, “Can you"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"By comparing a variety of solution strategies, children build their"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve word problems that call for addition of three whole numbers"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract. 3 Examples:"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem. For example,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Relate counting to addition and subtraction (e.g., by counting on 2 to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Determine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Count to 120, starting at any number less than 120. In this range, read"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that the two digits of a two-digit number represent amounts"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compare two two-digit numbers based on meanings of the tens and ones"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Add within 100, including adding a two-digit number and a one-digit"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Given a two-digit number, mentally find 10 more or 10 less than the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Subtract multiples of 10 in the range 10-90 from multiples of 10 in the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Order three objects by length; compare the lengths of two objects"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Express the length of an object as a whole number of length units, by"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"T ell and write time in hours and half-hours using analog and digital"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Organize, represent, and interpret data with up to three categories; ask"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Distinguish between defining attributes (e.g., triangles are closed and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compose two-dimensional shapes (rectangles, squares, trapezoids,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Partition circles and rectangles into two and four equal shares, describe"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use addition and subtraction within 100 to solve one- and two-step"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Fluently add and subtract within 20 using mental strategies. 2 By end of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Determine whether a group of objects (up to 20) has an odd or even"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use addition to find the total number of objects arranged in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that the three digits of a three-digit number represent"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Count within 1000; skip-count by 5s, 10s, and 100s."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Read and write numbers to 1000 using base-ten numerals, number"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compare two three-digit numbers based on meanings of the hundreds,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Fluently add and subtract within 100 using strategies based on place"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Add up to four two-digit numbers using strategies based on place"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Mentally add 10 or 100 to a given number 100–900, and mentally"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain why addition and subtraction strategies work, using place value"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Measure the length of an object by selecting and using appropriate"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Measure the length of an object twice, using length units of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Estimate lengths using units of inches, feet, centimeters, and meters."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Measure to determine how much longer one object is than another,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use addition and subtraction within 100 to solve word problems"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Represent whole numbers as lengths from 0 on a number line diagram"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Generate measurement data by measuring lengths of several objects"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Draw a picture graph and a bar graph (with single-unit scale) to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize and draw shapes having specified attributes, such as a given"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Partition a rectangle into rows and columns of same-size squares and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Partition circles and rectangles into two, three, or four equal shares,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret products of whole numbers, e.g., interpret 5 × 7 as the total"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret whole-number quotients of whole numbers, e.g., interpret"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Determine the unknown whole number in a multiplication or division"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve two-step word problems using the four operations. Represent"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Identify arithmetic patterns (including patterns in the addition table or"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use place value understanding to round whole numbers to the nearest"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Fluently add and subtract within 1000 using strategies and algorithms"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Multiply one-digit whole numbers by multiples of 10 in the range"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand a fraction 1/b as the quantity formed by 1 part when a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand a fraction as a number on the number line; represent"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain equivalence of fractions in special cases, and compare"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"T ell and write time to the nearest minute and measure time intervals"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Measure and estimate liquid volumes and masses of objects using"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Draw a scaled picture graph and a scaled bar graph to represent a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Generate measurement data by measuring lengths using rulers marked"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize area as an attribute of plane figures and understand"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Measure areas by counting unit squares (square cm, square m, square"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve real world and mathematical problems involving perimeters"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that shapes in different categories (e.g., rhombuses,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Partition shapes into parts with equal areas. Express the area of each"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret a multiplication equation as a comparison, e.g., interpret 35"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Multiply or divide to solve word problems involving multiplicative"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve multistep word problems posed with whole numbers and having"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Find all factor pairs for a whole number in the range 1–100. Recognize"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Generate a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule. Identify"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize that in a multi-digit whole number, a digit in one place"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use place value understanding to round multi-digit whole numbers to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Fluently add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers using the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Find whole-number quotients and remainders with up to four-digit"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain why a fraction a/b is equivalent to a fraction (n × a)/(n × b)"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compare two fractions with different numerators and different"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand a fraction a/b with a > 1 as a sum of fractions 1/b."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Express a fraction with denominator 10 as an equivalent fraction with"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use decimal notation for fractions with denominators 10 or 100. For"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know relative sizes of measurement units within one system of units"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply the area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in real world and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make a line plot to display a data set of measurements in fractions of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize angles as geometric shapes that are formed wherever two"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Measure angles in whole-number degrees using a protractor. Sketch"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Draw points, lines, line segments, rays, angles (right, acute, obtuse),"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Classify two-dimensional figures based on the presence or absence of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize a line of symmetry for a two-dimensional figure as a line"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use parentheses, brackets, or braces in numerical expressions, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Write simple expressions that record calculations with numbers, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Generate two numerical patterns using two given rules. Identify"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize that in a multi-digit number, a digit in one place represents"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain patterns in the number of zeros of the product when"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Read, write, and compare decimals to thousandths."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use place value understanding to round decimals to any place."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Find whole-number quotients of whole numbers with up to four-digit"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Add and subtract fractions with unlike denominators (including mixed"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret a fraction as division of the numerator by the denominator"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret multiplication as scaling (resizing), by:"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve real world problems involving multiplication of fractions and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Convert among different-sized standard measurement units within a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make a line plot to display a data set of measurements in fractions of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize volume as an attribute of solid figures and understand"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Measure volumes by counting unit cubes, using cubic cm, cubic in,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Relate volume to the operations of multiplication and addition and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use a pair of perpendicular number lines, called axes, to define a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Represent real world and mathematical problems by graphing points"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that attributes belonging to a category of two-"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand the concept of a ratio and use ratio language to describe"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand the concept of a unit rate a/b associated with a ratio a:b"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use ratio and rate reasoning to solve real-world and mathematical"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret and compute quotients of fractions, and solve word"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Fluently divide multi-digit numbers using the standard algorithm."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Fluently add, subtract, multiply, and divide multi-digit decimals using"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Find the greatest common factor of two whole numbers less than or"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that positive and negative numbers are used together"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand a rational number as a point on the number line. Extend"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve real-world and mathematical problems by graphing points in all"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Write and evaluate numerical expressions involving whole-number"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Write, read, and evaluate expressions in which letters stand for"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply the properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand solving an equation or inequality as a process of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use variables to represent numbers and write expressions when"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Write an inequality of the form x > c or x < c to represent a constraint"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use variables to represent two quantities in a real-world problem that"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Find the area of right triangles, other triangles, special quadrilaterals,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Find the volume of a right rectangular prism with fractional edge"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Draw polygons in the coordinate plane given coordinates for the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Represent three-dimensional figures using nets made up of rectangles"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize a statistical question as one that anticipates variability in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize that a measure of center for a numerical data set"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Display numerical data in plots on a number line, including dot plots,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Summarize numerical data sets in relation to their context, such as by:"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compute unit rates associated with ratios of fractions, including ratios"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize and represent proportional relationships between"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use proportional relationships to solve multistep ratio and percent"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply and extend previous understandings of addition and subtraction"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving the four"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply properties of operations as strategies to add, subtract, factor,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that rewriting an expression in different forms in a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve multi-step real-life and mathematical problems posed with"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve problems involving scale drawings of geometric figures,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Draw (freehand, with ruler and protractor, and with technology)"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Describe the two-dimensional figures that result from slicing three-"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know the formulas for the area and circumference of a circle and use"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use facts about supplementary, complementary, vertical, and adjacent"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, volume"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that statistics can be used to gain information about a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use data from a random sample to draw inferences about a population"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Informally assess the degree of visual overlap of two numerical"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that the probability of a chance event is a number"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Approximate the probability of a chance event by collecting data on"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know that numbers that are not rational are called irrational."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use rational approximations of irrational numbers to compare the size"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know and apply the properties of integer exponents to generate"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use square root and cube root symbols to represent solutions to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use numbers expressed in the form of a single digit times an integer"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Perform operations with numbers expressed in scientific notation,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Graph proportional relationships, interpreting the unit rate as the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Analyze and solve pairs of simultaneous linear equations."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that a function is a rule that assigns to each input exactly"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct a function to model a linear relationship between two"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Describe qualitatively the functional relationship between two"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Verify experimentally the properties of rotations, reflections, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that a two-dimensional figure is congruent to another if"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Describe the effect of dilations, translations, rotations, and reflections"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that a two-dimensional figure is similar to another if the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use informal arguments to establish facts about the angle sum and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to find the distance between two"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know the formulas for the volumes of cones, cylinders, and spheres"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct and interpret scatter plots for bivariate measurement"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know that straight lines are widely used to model relationships"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use the equation of a linear model to solve problems in the context"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain how the definition of the meaning of rational exponents"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Rewrite expressions involving radicals and rational exponents using"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain why the sum or product of two rational numbers is rational;"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use units as a way to understand problems and to guide the solution"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Define appropriate quantities for the purpose of descriptive modeling."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Choose a level of accuracy appropriate to limitations on measurement"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know there is a complex number i such that i 2 = –1, and every complex"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use the relation i 2 = –1 and the commutative, associative, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Find the conjugate of a complex number; use conjugates to find"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Represent complex numbers on the complex plane in rectangular"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Represent addition, subtraction, multiplication, and conjugation of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Calculate the distance between numbers in the complex plane as"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Extend polynomial identities to the complex numbers. For example,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Know the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra; show that it is true for"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Recognize vector quantities as having both magnitude and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Find the components of a vector by subtracting the coordinates of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Solve problems involving velocity and other quantities that can be"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Add and subtract vectors."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Multiply a vector by a scalar."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Use matrices to represent and manipulate data, e.g., to represent"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Add, subtract, and multiply matrices of appropriate dimensions."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Understand that, unlike multiplication of numbers, matrix"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Understand that the zero and identity matrices play a role in matrix"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Multiply a vector (regarded as a matrix with one column) by a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Work with 2 × 2 matrices as transformations of the plane, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret expressions that represent a quantity in terms of its context. ★"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use the structure of an expression to identify ways to rewrite it. For"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Choose and produce an equivalent form of an expression to reveal and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Derive the formula for the sum of a finite geometric series (when the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that polynomials form a system analogous to the integers,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know and apply the Remainder Theorem: For a polynomial p ( x ) and a"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Identify zeros of polynomials when suitable factorizations are"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Know and apply the Binomial Theorem for the expansion of ( x"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Rewrite simple rational expressions in different forms; write a ( x ) / b ( x )"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Create equations and inequalities in one variable and use them to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Create equations in two or more variables to represent relationships"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Represent constraints by equations or inequalities, and by systems of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain each step in solving a simple equation as following from the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve simple rational and radical equations in one variable, and give"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve quadratic equations in one variable."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Prove that, given a system of two equations in two variables, replacing"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Solve systems of linear equations exactly and approximately (e.g., with"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Represent a system of linear equations as a single matrix equation"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Find the inverse of a matrix if it exists and use it to solve systems"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that the graph of an equation in two variables is the set of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain why the x-coordinates of the points where the graphs of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Graph the solutions to a linear inequality in two variables as a half-"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that a function from one set (called the domain) to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use function notation, evaluate functions for inputs in their domains,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize that sequences are functions, sometimes defined"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"For a function that models a relationship between two quantities,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Relate the domain of a function to its graph and, where applicable, to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Calculate and interpret the average rate of change of a function"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Write a function defined by an expression in different but equivalent"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities. ★"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Identify the effect on the graph of replacing f ( x ) by f ( x ) + k , k f ( x ),"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Understand the inverse relationship between exponents and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Distinguish between situations that can be modeled with linear"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct linear and exponential functions, including arithmetic and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Observe using graphs and tables that a quantity increasing"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"For exponential models, express as a logarithm the solution to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret the parameters in a linear or exponential function in terms of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand radian measure of an angle as the length of the arc on the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain how the unit circle in the coordinate plane enables the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Use special triangles to determine geometrically the values of sine,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Use the unit circle to explain symmetry (odd and even) and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Choose trigonometric functions to model periodic phenomena with"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Understand that restricting a trigonometric function to a domain"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Prove the Pythagorean identity sin 2 (θ) + cos 2 (θ) = 1 and use it to find"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Prove the addition and subtraction formulas for sine, cosine, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Know precise definitions of angle, circle, perpendicular line, parallel"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Represent transformations in the plane using, e.g., transparencies"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Given a rectangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, or regular polygon,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Develop definitions of rotations, reflections, and translations in terms"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Given a geometric figure and a rotation, reflection, or translation,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use geometric descriptions of rigid motions to transform figures and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Explain how the criteria for triangle congruence (ASA, SAS, and SSS)"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Prove theorems about lines and angles. Theorems include: vertical"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make formal geometric constructions with a variety of tools and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct an equilateral triangle, a square, and a regular hexagon"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Verify experimentally the properties of dilations given by a center and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Given two figures, use the definition of similarity in terms of similarity"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use the properties of similarity transformations to establish the AA"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Prove theorems about triangles. Theorems include: a line parallel to one"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that by similarity, side ratios in right triangles are"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean Theorem to solve right"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Derive the formula A = 1/2 ab sin( C ) for the area of a triangle by"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Prove the Laws of Sines and Cosines and use them to solve"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Understand and apply the Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Prove that all circles are similar."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Identify and describe relationships among inscribed angles, radii,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Construct a tangent line from a point outside a given circle to the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Derive using similarity the fact that the length of the arc intercepted"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Derive the equation of a circle of given center and radius using the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Derive the equation of a parabola given a focus and directrix."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Derive the equations of ellipses and hyperbolas given the foci,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically. For"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Find the point on a directed line segment between two given points"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Give an informal argument for the formulas for the circumference of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Give an informal argument using Cavalieri’s principle for the"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use volume formulas for cylinders, pyramids, cones, and spheres to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Identify the shapes of two-dimensional cross-sections of three-"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use geometric shapes, their measures, and their properties to describe"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply concepts of density based on area and volume in modeling"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Apply geometric methods to solve design problems (e.g., designing"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Make sense of problems and persevere in"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Reason abstractly and quantitatively."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct viable arguments and critique"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Model with mathematics."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use appropriate tools strategically."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Attend to precision."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Look for and express regularity in repeated"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Represent data with plots on the real number line (dot plots,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use statistics appropriate to the shape of the data distribution to"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Interpret differences in shape, center, and spread in the context of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use the mean and standard deviation of a data set to fit it to a normal"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Summarize categorical data for two categories in two-way frequency"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Represent data on two quantitative variables on a scatter plot, and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Compute (using technology) and interpret the correlation coefficient"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Distinguish between correlation and causation."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand statistics as a process for making inferences about"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Decide if a specified model is consistent with results from a given"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Recognize the purposes of and differences among sample surveys,"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use data from a sample survey to estimate a population mean or"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Use data from a randomized experiment to compare two treatments;"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Evaluate reports based on data."
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Describe events as subsets of a sample space (the set of outcomes)"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand that two events A and B are independent if the probability"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Understand the conditional probability of A given B as P ( A and"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Construct and interpret two-way frequency tables of data when two"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"Find the conditional probability of A given B as the fraction of B ’s"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Apply the general Multiplication Rule in a uniform probability"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Use permutations and combinations to compute probabilities of"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Define a random variable for a quantity of interest by assigning"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Calculate the expected value of a random variable; interpret it as"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Develop a probability distribution for a random variable defined"
Explanation available upon request.
Official Standard
"(+) Weigh the possible outcomes of a decision by assigning"
Explanation available upon request.
Try adjusting your filters or search terms.